The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) has raised concerns over the rising number of suspected cases of cerebrospinal meningitis (CSM) across the country.
In an update shared on its official website over the weekend, the NCDC reported that during the epidemiological week of March 17–23, 2025, a total of 315 suspected cases were recorded in three states: Kebbi, Sokoto, and Yobe. Of these, 38 were confirmed positive, leading to 14 deaths — an alarming case fatality rate (CFR) of 4.4 per cent.
The public health agency stated that its CSM Emergency Operations Centre is actively monitoring the situation and carrying out surveillance across affected areas. Since the onset of the 2024/2025 season, the country has recorded 1,826 suspected cases and 151 deaths, reflecting a higher CFR of 8.3 per cent.
Children aged 5–14 years remain the most affected group, accounting for the majority of cases, while 60 per cent of all suspected cases are male, the agency noted.
The NCDC added that four local government areas in Kebbi and Sokoto states have crossed the epidemic threshold, triggering intensified public health interventions. However, despite the worrying figures, there is a glimmer of hope: the agency reported a 65 per cent decrease in new cases compared to the previous week, as response efforts gain momentum.
The agency emphasised the need for sustained surveillance and public awareness to curb the spread of the disease. It urged Nigerians to report any symptoms promptly and seek immediate medical care.
“For further information, contact the NCDC at Toll-Free: 6232 or visit their website,” it advised.
According to Science Nigeria, citing the World Health Organisation, CSM is a severe infection of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, commonly caused by the Neisseria meningitidis bacteria. It spreads through respiratory droplets and is prevalent in Nigeria’s “Meningitis Belt,” especially during the dry season.
Key symptoms include fever, stiff neck, headache, and confusion. Prevention largely relies on vaccination and good hygiene, while urgent antibiotic treatment is critical to prevent death or long-term disability.
